Uma ufuna ukuzama isandla sakho ku-DIY solar, isistimu encane engaphandle kwegridi iphephile futhi kulula ukuyifaka kunophahla olugcwele.uhlelo lomkhathi.Ezindaweni eziningi, ukufaka nokuxhuma isistimu yelanga kugridi kudinga amalayisense ochwepheshe noma izitifiketi.Futhi, njengoba sike samboza esihlokweni sethu esidlule, izifundazwe eziningi zikhawulela izakhamuzi ekuxhumeni isistimu ye-DIY kugridi yamandla.Kodwa ukwakha uhlelo oluncane lwe-off-grid kungaba lula ngokumangalisayo.Okudingayo nje izibalo ezilula kanye nolwazi oluyisisekelo lukagesi.
Ake sihlole indlela yokuhlela, ukuklama, nokufaka isistimu yamandla elanga angekho kugridi.
Izisetshenziswa Namathuluzi Adingekayo Ohlelo Lwelanga lwe-DIY
Ngaphambi kokuthi sikhulume ngokufaka, nalu uhlu lwemishini namathuluzi ozowadinga:
- Amaphaneli elanga:Into yokuqala nesobala ozoyidinga i(ama)phaneli yelanga.Amaphaneli ayingxenye ekhiqiza amandla yesistimu.
- I-Inverter: I-inverter iguqula i-direct current (DC) isuka kumaphaneli iyenze yamanje esebenzisekayo, eshintshanayo (AC).Imishini eminingi yesimanje isebenza ngamandla e-AC, ngaphandle uma ukhetha ukusebenzisa isethi yezinto zikagesi ze-DC ohlelweni lwakho.
- Ibhethri:Ibhethri ligcina amandla engeziwe emini futhi liwanikeze ebusuku - umsebenzi obalulekile njengoba amaphaneli elanga ayeka ukusebenza ngemva kokushona kwelanga.
- Isilawuli sokushaja:Isilawuli sokushaja sithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha kokushajwa kwebhethri.
- Izintambo:Kudingeka isethi yezintambo ukuxhuma zonke izingxenye zesistimu.
- Ama-racks okufakwayo:Nakuba ongakukhetha, ama-racks afakwayo awusizo ekubekeni amaphaneli elanga endaweni efanele yokukhiqiza amandla.
- Izinto ezihlukene:Ngokungeziwe ezintweni ezibalulekile ezibalwe ngenhla, ungase udinge izingxenye ezilandelayo ukuze uqedele uhlelo:
Ama-Fuse/ama-breaker
Izixhumi (qaphela ukuthi izingxenye eziningi zesimanje ziza nezixhumi ezihlanganisiwe)
Izibopho zekhebula
Idivayisi yokulinganisa (kuyakhetheka)
Izigubhu zetheminali
- Amathuluzi:Uzodinga futhi amathuluzi asebenziseka kalula ukuze ufake isistimu.
I-wire stripper
Ithuluzi le-crimping
Udlawu
Isikulufi
Ama-Wrenches
Indlela Yokuklama Isistimu Yamandla Elanga
Ukuklama isistimu yamandla elanga kusho ukunquma ubukhulu besistimu oyidingayo.Lo sayizi uncike kakhulu esipheleleni sesidingo sikagesi kuzo zonke izinto ezisetshenziswa yisistimu.
Ukwenza lokhu, bhala zonke izinto zakho zikagesi namandla azo (ngehora) namandla (nsuku zonke) ozisebenzisayo.Isilinganiso samandla esisetshenziswa ngasinye sinikezwa ngama-watts (W), futhi ngokuvamile siphawulwa esitsheni.Ungasebenzisa futhi amathuluzi aku-inthanethi ukuthola ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwempahla yakho.
Bala ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngokuphindaphinda ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngamahora okusebenzisa.Uma ususazi isilinganiso samandla azo zonke izinto zikagesi ohlela ukuzisebenzisa ku-solar, yenza ithebula elinamandla namandla namanani.
Usayizi weAmaphaneli elanga
Ukuze usayizi wamaphaneli akho elanga, qala ngokuthola isilinganiso samahora okukhanya kwelanga endaweni yakho.Ungathola amahora okukhanya kwelanga nsuku zonke kunoma iyiphi indawo kusuka kweminye yemithombo eminingi ku-inthanethi.Uma usunayo leyo nombolo, ngezansi kubala okulula ukuthola usayizi wephaneli yelanga.
Isamba samandla adingekayo (Wh) ÷ amahora okukhanya kwelanga nsuku zonke (h) = usayizi wephaneli yelanga (W)
Usayizi weIbhethrikanye nesilawuli sokushaja
Izinkampani eziningi manje zinikeza amabhethri acaciswe ku-Wh noma kWh.Ngephrofayili yokulayisha esibonelweni sethu esingenhla, ibhethri kufanele ikwazi ukugcina ubuncane be-2.74 kWh.Engeza imajini yokuphepha kulokhu, futhi singasebenzisa usayizi webhethri othembekile ongu-3 kWh.
Ukukhetha isilawuli sokushaja kuyafana.Bheka isilawuli sokushaja esinokulinganisa kwamandla kagesi afana nephaneli nomthamo webhethri (isb., 12 V).Hlola imininingwane yesilawuli ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi umthamo waso wamanje ungaphezu kwamandla amanje alinganiselwe amaphaneli elanga (isb, sebenzisa isilawuli esingu-20A kumaphaneli elanga angu-11A).
Ukukhetha inverter
Ukukhetha kwakho inverter kuncike ezilinganisweni zebhethri lakho kanye solar panel.Khetha i-inverter enesilinganiso samandla esingaphezudlwana kwamaphaneli akho.Kulesi sibonelo esingenhla, sinamaphaneli angu-750 W futhi singasebenzisa i-inverter engu-1,000 W.
Okulandelayo, qiniseka ukuthi i-voltage yokufaka ye-PV ye-inverter ifana ne-voltage yephaneli yelanga (isb, 36 V), kanye ne-voltage yokufaka yebhethri ifana nesilinganiso se-voltage yebhethri lakho (isb., 12 V).
Ungathenga i-inverter enamachweba ahlanganisiwe futhi uxhume izinto zakho zikagesi ngqo ku-inverter, ukuze usebenzise kalula.
Ukukhetha Osayizi Bekhebula Abalungile
Kuzinhlelo ezincane ezifana nalezi esiziklamayo, usayizi wekhebula awuyona into ekhathaza kakhulu.Ungakhetha ukusebenzisa intambo evamile, engu-4 mm kukho konke ukuxhumana kwakho.
Kumasistimu amakhulu, osayizi bekhebula abalungile babalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuphephile nokukahle.Uma kunjalo, qiniseka ukuthi usebenzisa umhlahlandlela kasayizi wekhebula eku-inthanethi.
Ifaka Isistimu
Kuleli qophelo, uyobe usunawo wonke amathuluzi anosayizi ofanele.Lokhu kukuletha esinyathelweni sokugcina - ukufakwa.Ukufaka isistimu yamandla elanga akuyona inkimbinkimbi.Imishini eminingi yesimanje iza namachweba enziwe ngomumo nezixhumi ngakho-ke kulula ukuxhuma izingxenye.
Uma uxhuma izingxenye, landela umdwebo wezintambo oboniswe ngezansi.Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi amandla ageleza ngokulandelana okulungile kanye nesiqondiso.
Imicabango yokugcina
Ukuhamba ngelanga akusho ukuthi kufanele uqashe iqembu futhi uchithe izinkulungwane.Uma ufaka iyunithi elula, encane ye-off-grid, ungazenzela ngezibalo ezincane nolwazi oluthile oluyisisekelo lukagesi.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungaphinda ukhethe isistimu yelanga ephathwayo, esebenzisa idivayisi ehlanganisa ibhethri, inverter, nezinye izinto zikagesi zibe iyunithi eyodwa.Odinga ukukwenza nje ukuxhuma ama-solar panel akho kuwo.Lolu khetho lubiza kancane, kodwa futhi lulula kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-10-2023