Ucwaningo olusha olushicilelwe kuMvelo lulinganisela okokuqala ukonga izindleko zomlando nezesikhathi esizayo embonini yelanga elivela kumaketanga okuhlinzeka ngempahla yomhlaba wonke.
Okthoba 26, 2022
Ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okubangela ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu futhi kuhlangatshezwane nemigomo yesimo sezulu, umhlaba uzodinga ukutshala amandla avuselelekayo ngesivinini esingakaze sibonwe.Amandla elanga athembisa ukudlala indima ebalulekile ekuzuzeni ikusasa lamandla esimeme, anekhabhoni ephansi, ikakhulukazi uma intengo yokukhiqiza iqhubeka nokwehla njengoba yenzile kule minyaka engama-40 edlule.
Manje,isifundo esishaeshicilelwe ephephabhukwini i-Nature ibale ukuthi i-globalized supply chain yonge amazwe ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-67 ezindlekweni zokukhiqiza amaphaneli elanga.Lolu cwaningo luphinde lwathola ukuthi uma izinqubomgomo eziqinile zobuzwe ezikhawulela ukuhamba kwamahhala kwezimpahla, ithalente kanye nemali esetshenziswayo ukuya phambili, izindleko zephaneli yelanga zizoba phezulu kakhulu ngo-2030.
Ucwaningo—olokuqala ukulinganisa ukonga kwezindleko zochungechunge lwenani lomhlaba wonke lwemboni yelanga—lufika ngesikhathi lapho amazwe amaningi ethule khona izinqubomgomo ezizokwenza ukuba kuzwelonke amaketango okuphakelwa kwamandla avuselelekayo ngenhloso yokuzuza abakhiqizi basekhaya.Izinqubomgomo ezinjengokukhokhisa amanani avela kwamanye amazwe zingase zibe nzima imizamo yokusheshisa ukuthunyelwa kwezinto ezivuselelekayo njengelanga ngokunyusa izindleko zokukhiqiza, kusho abacwaningi bocwaningo.
“Lolu cwaningo olusitshela khona ukuthi uma sizimisele ngokulwa nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, abenzi bezinqubomgomo badinga ukusebenzisa izinqubomgomo ezikhuthaza ukubambisana kuwo wonke amaketanga abalulekile emhlabeni wonke mayelana nokukhuphula ubuchwepheshe bamandla ekhabhoni ephansi,” kusho uJohn Helveston, umbhali oholayo wocwaningo. kanye nomsizi kaprofesa wokuphathwa kobunjiniyela kanye nobunjiniyela bezinhlelo eGeorge Washington University.“Nakuba lolu cwaningo lugxile embonini eyodwa—ilanga—imiphumela esiyichaza lapha iyasebenza kwezinye izimboni zamandla avuselelekayo, njengamandla omoya nezimoto zikagesi.”
Ucwaningo lubheke amakhono afakwe ngokomlando kanye nedatha yezinto zokufakwayo kanye nentengo yokuthengisa ukuze kusetshenziswe amamojula ephaneli yelanga e-US, eJalimane nase-China—amazwe amathathu amakhulu kakhulu asebenzisa i-solar—phakathi kuka-2006 no-2020. Ithimba locwaningo lilinganise ukuthi i-solar yomhlaba wonke i-supply chain isindise amazwe imali ehlangene yamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-67—amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-24 ekongeni i-US, amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-7 yokonga iJalimane kanye namabhiliyoni angama-$36 okonga e-China.Ukube izwe ngalinye kulawa amathathu lamukele izinqubomgomo eziqinile zokuhwebelana ngobuzwe ezikhawulela ukufunda ukweqa imingcele ngesikhathi esifanayo, izintengo zephaneli yelanga ngo-2020 bezizoba phezulu kakhulu—ngaphezulu ngo-107% e-US, ngo-83% phezulu eJalimane, kanye no-54% ephakeme e-China-ucwaningo lwathola.
Ithimba labacwaningi-kuhlanganise noMichael Davidson, uprofesa osizayo eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia San Diego kanye nomlobi ocwaningweni futhi lathi uGang He, uprofesa osizayo wenqubomgomo yamandla eNyuvesi yaseStony Brook kanye nombhali ohambisana naleli phepha-uphinde wabheka izindleko zomvikeli owengeziwe. izinqubomgomo zohwebo ukuya phambili.Balinganisela ukuthi uma izinqubomgomo eziqinile zobuzwe zisetshenziswa, izintengo zephaneli yelanga zizoba phezulu cishe ngo-20-25% ezweni ngalinye ngo-2030, uma kuqhathaniswa nekusasa elinamaketanga okunikezela omhlaba.
Lolu cwaningo lwakhela ephepheni lango-2019 elishicilelwe nguHelveston ephephabhukwini iSayensi, elalwela ukusebenzisana okwengeziwe nabalingani abaqinile abakhiqiza njengalabo baseChina ukuze kwehliswe ngokushesha izindleko zelanga futhi kusheshiswe ukuthunyelwa kobuchwepheshe bamandla anekhabhoni ephansi.
"Umthetho omusha Wokunciphisa I-Inflation uqukethe izinqubomgomo eziningi ezibalulekile ezisekela ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bamandla we-carbon ephansi e-US, okubalulekile ekubhekaneni nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu futhi bekuzokwethula ukusungulwa okwengeziwe kanye namandla ezimakethe," kusho u-Helveston.“Okwenziwa ucwaningo lwethu kule ngxoxo kuyisikhumbuzo sokuthi lezi zinqubomgomo zingasebenzisi ngendlela yokuzivikela.Ukusekela isizinda sokukhiqiza sase-US kungenziwa futhi kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela ekhuthaza amafemu ukuthi ahwebe nabalingani bangaphandle ukuze aqhubeke nokusheshisa ukwehlisa izindleko.”
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-27-2022